How to design a good research study

Good research does not happen by chance. It requires detailed planning to ensure that it is worthwhile and contributes to the sciencific literature. Good research design depends on utilising the optimal methodology and study type for the research question. This article will clarify the steps that need to be undertaken to ensure one's research is of good quality and high impact.

A good understanding of the terms used in this article will equip you well for the academic foundation programme interview process.

This article will include:

• Description of different study types and their various advantages and disadvantages
• Explanation of the concept of levels of evidence in research
• Advice on how choose a suitable research question and outcome measures
• Clarification of the differences between internal and external validity
• An introduction to fundamental research concepts such as power and bias

What different types of research study are there?

There are various forms of research study. A primary research study is one that generates new data about a specific research question. A secondary research study is one carried out using existing data from previous research studies.