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The University of Southampton
IMPAQT | Improving quality of life for teenagers with asthma trial

Step 3: Evoke

Help adolescent voice motivation for change

If you simply tell an adolescent to change a behaviour, they are likely to simply argue the reverse (the righting reflex) or just not comply. However, all teenagers have beliefs, values, goals and experiences which can be utilised increase their motivation to change. The aim is to connect optimal health behaviour change with what the young person cares about (i.e. their motivation for change) through gaining an insight into their thoughts and evoking their own reasons and goals for change. ​

There are some useful approaches to helping an adolescent patient voice arguments for change, these will strengthen their resolve to improve their asthma self-management. This is much more likely to achieve a behavioural change than telling them what to do.​

Use the EARS techniques for helping a teenage patient voice arguments for change:

Evocative questions: open questions which evoke desire, ability, reasons and need.​ Affirming: reinforcing change talk by making positive comments.​ Reflective listening: repeat specific parts of patient's thoughts and feelings, selective for those that are positive for change. This allows you to check for understanding and steers conversation in right direction.​ Summarise: summary of what patient has said again emphasising positives for change. Provides an opportunity to check understanding and check if anything has been missed plus serves as a transition to next phase.



Examples of evocative questions

Initial questions​  What do you wish / want / hope…?    ​  What do you do?  ​  What can you do? ​  What are you able to do?     Follow-up questions​  What would be the benefits of…?​ Why would it be helpful to make that change?​ What problems would you like to get rid of?​ How important is it to you to make this change?​  How much do you need to make this change?  ​

Watch this video to see evoking in practice

 
 
 
 
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