ThermoFluids

Learning Outcomes

Subject Specific Practical Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• Produce scientific reports describing laboratory experiments.
• Critically analyse results.

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

• concepts of laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layers, bluff body and streamlined flow, transition, separation and cavitation.
• The energy conversion processes involving heat, work and energy storage.
• a framework for advanced courses by introducing and classifying common engineering applications.
• The properties of thermofluid flow and methods of analysis, including conservation principles for mass, momentum and energy.
• The application of thermodynamic principles to the propulsion of land, sea and air transport and in the generation of power.
• transition, separation and cavitation.

Subject Specific Intellectual and Research Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• assess simple flows and their behaviour from fundamental information such as the value of the Reynolds number and the shape of the body.
• use dimensional analysis in appropriate ways and explain the physical meaning of various non-dimensional parameters.
• Analyse various thermal processes and plant.
• Perform straightforward analysis of examples of mass, momentum and energy conservation.
• Understand important thermofluids properties and principles in fluid mechanics.

Learning Outcomes

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• B1 Thermofluids requires the application of knowledge of mathematics, and engineering principles to broadly-defined problems such as types of fluid flow, statics, thermodynamic process and multi-process systems such as heat engines. This occurs in both formative and summative types of assessment. B10 A lecture and linked tutorial class discussion directs students to apply a holistic and proportionate approach to the mitigation of security risks associated with general electrical power generation and again specifically for nuclear fission. B12 FEEG1003 gives students practical laboratory and workshop skills to investigate broadly-defined problems with 4 practical labs addressing: 1. Properties of ideal gases, 2. Linear heat engine, 3. Conservation of mechanical energy, 4. conservation of momentum. all 4 labs are formatively assessed. B16 Students function effectively as an individual in formative tutorial class assessment and in general where individual work is required i.e. tutorial and exam assessments. Students work as a member or leader of a team during the practical laboratory classes where the take responsibility for different aspects of the experiments. B2 In the FEEG1050 summative assessment students solve a substantial engineering problem including a problem-solving element requiting mathematical and engineering principles and are also asked to comment on answers, expand of applications etc. B8 A lecture and linked tutorial class discussion directs students to identify and analyse ethical concerns associated with imported gas supplies (with regards to the Russian invasion of Ukraine) and for using nuclear fission for electricity generation . B9 A lecture and linked tutorial class discussion directs students to identify and analyse risks associated with different from of electricity generation and imported energy. C1 Later summative and formative assessments require the application of knowledge of mathematics, and engineering principles to the solution of complex problems.

Transferable and Generic Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• Study and learn independently.
• Appreciate sustainability and ethical issues in engineering
• Demonstrate study and time management skills.
• Communicate work in written reports.
• Solve problems.

Part 1 : Tools of the trade (14 lectures)

Part 1.1 : Applied Math Tools (an overview of what should be understood coming into this course)

• Applied maths overview (basic integration, including over surfaces, differentiation, Taylor series, Newton’s Law, some thermodynamic principles

Part 1.2 : Conceptual Principles in Thermofluids

• An extension of A level applied maths/physics (mass, force, acceleration, rates of change, moments), mass, force, acceleration, forms of energy (potential, kinetic, thermal, but not its

conversion), and support this by a definitive nomenclature for the remainder of the course.

• Solids/liquids/gases from a molecular description – first introduction to pressure, theequilibrium state.
• Bulk modulus and compressibility
• The continuum approximation
• Other thermofluid approximations
• Properties of a fluid, and properties of a flow of fluid
• Ideal gases and the gas law (thermodynamic pressure), definitions of heat and work, sign conventions, types of non-flow processes, p-V diagrams, First Law of thermodynamics.
• Convection (bulk transport)
• Diffusion (molecular transport of momentum/shear stress and energy)
• Systems and control volumes, surface flux, the conservation principle.
• Fundamental and derived quantities.
• Intensive and extensive properties.
• Dimensions and units, Dimensional homogeneity.
• The importance of length, velocity, time scales in a problem.
• Present several non-dimensional numbers and explain what they represent in terms of force/ timescale ratios etc and demonstrate how they are used to maintain similarity.
• Buckingham Pi (brief introduction here, used throughout the remainder of the course)

Part 2 : Thermofluid Mechanics

Part 2.1 : Fluid Statics – 4 lectures

• Static pressure, Pascal’s law
• Hydrostatic equation, manometry, and demonstration of potential energy
• Forces on planar and curved gates, moments etc
• Buoyancy and stability
• Non-dimensional analysis.

Part 2.2 : Inviscid Flow/Conservation Equations - 12 lectures

• Streamlines/tubes
• Rotation, vorticity, irrotational flow
• Acceleration, Eulers equation
• Conservation of mass
• Conservation of Energy

– Bernoulli’s equation, cavitation

– flow measurement

– mechanical energy losses, pressure drop in pipes

– Steady flow Energy Equation, nozzles, throttles, heat exchangers etc

– examples

• Conservation of Momentum

– Momentum as a vector quantity

– Force – momentum equation

– Fluid Drag and Wakes

– examples

Part 2.3 : Viscous Flow – 4 lectures

• Couette and Pipe flows
• Streamline flows, bluff bodies, separation
• Boundary layers
• Turbulence

Part 3 : Thermal energy systems (10 lectures)

• Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
• Definition of the heat engine and cycle efficiency.
• The Carnot heat engine.
• Reversed heat engines (heat pump and refrigerator) and coefficient of performance.
• Reversible and irreversible processes. Corollaries of the second law. Definition of entropy and

its use in engineering thermodynamics.

• Entropy change in isothermal and adiabatic processes. Isentropic processes.
• Introduction to cycles. The Otto, Diesel and Brayton cycles and their applications.

Teaching and learning methods

Teaching methods include:

• Lectures and videos of lecture material
• Example problems
• Laboratories
• AV presentations

Learning activities include:

• Directed reading
• Problem solving
• Practical classes

Resources & Reading list

General Resources

Problem books and lab sheets will be provided. Bespoke Textbook Available.

Course notes will be provided..

Assessment strategy

The learning outcomes of this module will be assessed under the Part I Assessment Schedule for FEE Engineering Programmes which forms an Appendix to your Programme Specification.

Feedback will be available on the formative work undertaken during the module.

Summative

This is how we’ll formally assess what you have learned in this module.