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Professor Timothy Leighton FRS FREng FMedSci ScD MA PhD CPhys CEng FCPS FInstP FIOA FASA

Professor of Ultrasonics and Underwater Acoustics

We need to work with rigour, imagination, and wonder, unconstrained by the artificial boundaries set in place by discipline names, or the history of projects in which we have previously worked, or the tendency of sponsors to believe they can pick winners, or above all by the belief that we must jump to solutions when we have not yet perceived the real problem. Then, when we eventually do find a solution, we must have the will to push it through all the way to help others, and not simply publish in the expectation that someone will finish the job for us.

Current position

Timothy Leighton is the founding Chairman of the University Strategic Research Group NAMRIP (Network for Anti-Microbial Resistance and Infection Prevention) and founding Chairman of HEFUA (Health Effects of Ultrasound in Air). He is also Professor of Ultrasonics and Underwater Acoustics within Engineering and Physical Sciences at the University of Southampton, UK.

He has invented numerous devices for healthcare, catastrophe relief and industry (for more information visit Bubble acoustics). He is Inventor-in-Chief for Sloan Water Technology Ltd., a UK company formed by the purchase of his patents from the University of Southampton with premises at Chilworth, Hampshire.

A sample lecture on Acoustic Bubbles
Publications for download
Downloads of Video and audio appearances of Professor Leighton

Biographies

Kenward, M. (2017) A talent for bursting bubbles. Ingenia, 73, 38-42
Webb, J. (2016) Resistance fighter takes the battle to microbes, New Scientist 229(3066), 32-33 (doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(16)30523-1)
Wikipedia: Timothy Leighton (page started by The Royal Society)

Medals

2018	The Clifford Paterson Medal of the Royal Society
2014	The Rayleigh Medal of the Institute of Acoustics
2013	The Helmholtz-Rayleigh Interdisciplinary Silver Medal (Acoustical Society of America), awarded for contributions to Biomedical Acoustics, Physical Acoustics, and Acoustical Oceanography. Citation
2009	R W B Stephens Medal of the Institute of Acoustics
2006	Paterson Medal and Prize of the Institute of Physics
2004	Inaugural Early Career Medal and Award, International Commission of Acoustics
2002	Tyndall Medal of the Institute of Acoustics
1994	AB Wood Medal of the Institute of Acoustics

Fellowships

* Indicates a National Academy

2018	Inaugural Distinguished Fellow of the International Institute of Acoustics and Vibration
2018	Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences*
2014	Fellowship of the Royal Society*
2012	Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Engineering*
2000	Royal Society Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellowship
2000	Fellowship of the Institute of Physics
1999	Fellowship of the Institute of Acoustics
1998	Fellowship of the Acoustical Society of America
1988	Fellowship of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

Awards for invention

2018	Royal Society’s Lord Leonard and Lady Estelle Wolfson Foundation Translation Award, for the StarHealer
2014	StarStream awarded 'Best New Product of the Year'
2012	The 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering Award for "Water Management and Supply"
2011	The Brian Mercer Award for Innovation (The Royal Society)
2008	The ‘Medical & Healthcare' award by ‘The Engineer'
2001	Inaugural award of the International Medwin Prize for Acoustical Oceanography (Acoustical Society of America)

Other Awards

2019	Doctor of Science of Cambridge University
2017	Awarded the 2017 ‘Wow Factor and Impact’ prize at the 2017 ‘Bringing Research to Life’ roadshow awards for NAMRIP exhibition ‘The Most Dangerous Game in the World’.
2016	Awarded the 2016 ‘Wow Factor and Impact’ prize at the 2016 ‘Bringing Research to Life’ roadshow awards for NAMRIP contribution to Cheltenham Science Festival
2016	Awarded “Excellent Reviewers of 2016” by IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
2015	Commissioned by The Royal Society to write an article to celebrate the 350th anniversary since its first publications. Downloaded 12,000 times in its first year. Find out more details about the study.
2014	The second most downloaded paper of 2013 from the Royal Society’s Proceedings A
2013	Selected inclusion in Who's Who from 2014 onwards (click Radio interview on BBC Solent under useful downloads)
2010	Awarded “Excellent Reviewers of 2010” by IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
2009	Awarded “Excellent Reviewers of 2009” by IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering

Useful Downloads

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Links to external websites

The University cannot accept responsibility for external websites.

Links to external websites

The ISVR at 50: Karen Woods interviews Professor Tim Leighton

The University cannot accept responsibility for external websites.

Research

Publications

Teaching

Stories in the media

Career History

Contact

Research interests

Professor Leighton is founder and Chair of two research groupings, NAMRIP (the Network for AntiMicrobial resistance and Infection Prevention) and HEFUA (Health Effects of Ultrasound in Air). He is also interested in the following topics (example projects from which can be found at the base of this page):

Acoustical oceanography	Antimicrobial resistance
Biomedical ultrasound	Carbon capture and storage
Clean water and safe sewage	Climate change
Decontamination	De-mining conflict zones
Health effects of ultrasound	Hospital acquired infections
Infection prevention	Marine zoology
Planetary probes and exploration	Survivor retrieval
Ultrasound	Underwater acoustics

Details of the impact of his work can be found here.

Other research projects

StarHealer: Project Navrongo

Development and evaluation of new technology to treat minor trauma in community-based healthcare

Research group

Acoustics Group

Research project(s)

Do dolphins think nonlinearly?

The sounds of voices and waterfalls on other planets

Invention outperforms clinicians monitoring kidney treatment in patients

StarStream (2007-2015) - Cleaning with low volumes of cold water

StarSteam (2016 onwards)

Detecting leaks from undersea gas pipelines, seabed methane reserves, and carbon capture and storage facilities

Whales hunt with wall of sound

Bubble detectors invented for the USA's Oak Ridge National Laboratory $1.4 billion Spallation Neutron Source

Order to chaos and back again

Dolphin-inspired radar for finding bombs, bugs and catastrophe victims

World's first experiment tests for leaks from carbon capture and storage seabed facilities

The Adhesion Rail Riddle - Ensuring Trains Can Brake

Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

Man-made underwater sound may have wider ecosystem effects than previously thought

Clean water and green energy from waste using bubble acoustics

StarSaver - cleaning wounds when water is scarce

Bubble Management in an Ultrasonic System to Clean using a Water Stream

The StarStream device cleans using only room temperature water, ultrasound and air. This CASE award studentship, funded by EPSRC and Ultrawave Ltd., examines method of improving the StarStream by looking at the engineering associated with the water supply components of the device. This entails the design and construction of new bubble diagnostics technology.

Interdependencies between biological communities, their activities and the sediment environment in determining the acoustic properties of the shelf seafloor

The influence of surfactants on the mechanisms of ocean bubble formation

It is known that bubbles are important for the fluxes of gas and particles across the air-sea interface, as well as for the acoustical properties of the upper ocean and on ocean optics. Currently, very little is known about the effect of natural surfactants on ocean bubble production, and the consequences of these surfactants for gas and particle fluxes. The aim of this project is to understand the effects of surfactants on the detailed physics of bubble formation, and then to make measurements at sea to compare with the predicted physical changes. The lab experiment is a tank built to watch bubbles fragment in turbulence. The water properties (temperature, salinity, surfactant content and particulate content) can be varied to study bubble formation in different environment. Acoustical and photographic data are used to follow many fragmentation events (usually 500-1000 for each set of conditions), and overall result is a set of fragmentation statistics. This includes the frequency of fragmentation events, the number and size of bubbles produced in each event and some information about the dynamics of the events. Comparing these will allow predictions for how bubble production under breaking waves will be affected by differing conditions, and this will lead to predictions for how gas and particle fluxes will also change.

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Articles

Books

Leighton, T. G., Heald, G. J., Griffiths, H., & Griffiths, G. (Eds.) (2001). Acoustical oceanography. (Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics; Vol. 23, No. Part 2). Institute of Acoustics.
Leighton, T. G., Heald, G. J., Griffiths, H., & Griffiths, G. (Eds.) (2001). Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics Conference on Acoustical Oceanography. Bath University Press.
Leighton, T. G. (Ed.) (1997). Natural physical processes associated with sea surface sound. University of Southampton.

Book Chapters

Conferences

Creative Media and Artefacts

Leighton, T. (Author). (2012). Do dolphins benefit from nonlinear mathematics when processing their sonar returns?. Digital or Visual Products, The Royal Society.
Leighton, T. G. (Author). (2008). Sound in space. Digital or Visual Products, BBC Radio 4.
Leighton, T. G. (Author). (2007). Sounds from space. Digital or Visual Products, BBC Radio 4.
Leighton, T. G. (Author). (2004). "Discovery": discussion of the bubble nets of humpback whales and of biomedical uses of bubbles in the future. Digital or Visual Products, BBC World Service.
Leighton, T. G. (Author). (2004). Leading edge: discussion of the bubble nets of humpback whales. Digital or Visual Products, BBC Radio 4.
Leighton, T. G. (Author). (2003). "Questions questions" programme: discussion of how sound may bring about biomedical therapy. Digital or Visual Products, BBC Radio 4.

Journal Special Issue

Leighton, T. G. (Ed.) (2008). Guest editor for Applied Acoustics special issue on: The detection of buried marine targets. Applied Acoustics, 69(5), 385-472.

Letter/Editorial

Leighton, T. (2018). Ultrasound in air – guidelines, applications, public exposures and claims of attacks in Cuba and China. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 144(2473). https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5063351

Patents

Reports

Working Paper

Leighton, T. G., Clarke, J. W. L., Heald, G. J., Dumbrell, H. A., & Evans, R. C. (1999). Application of the nonlinear acoustic scatter cross-section to the use of clinical ultrasound contrast agents. (ISVR Technical Memorandum; No. 835). University of Southampton.

Title	Module Code	Programme Roe
Ocean Acoustics & Biomedical Ultrasound	ISVR3070	Module Lead

Tim’s lecturing varies in style from formal lectures, to discussions exploring particular questions amongst groups containing class members as diverse as medics, engineers, zoologists, chemists and physicists.

Tim’s lecturing varies in style form formal lectures, to discussions exploring particular questions amongst groups containing class members as diverse as medics, engineers, zoologists, chemists and physicists. The two example videos below show (top panel) a formal lecture, and (lower/left panel) a discussion to teach some basic principles of ocean acoustics by enabling to group of students to work out why an assassin duck would fail in certain weather conditions.

Do dolphins think nonlinearly?

The sounds of voices and waterfalls on other planets

Invention outperforms clinicians monitoring kidney treatment in patients

StarStream - Cleaning with low volumes of cold water

Detecting leaks from undersea gas pipelines, seabed methane reserves, and carbon capture and storage facilities

Whales hunt with wall of sound

Bubble detectors invented for the USA's Oak Ridge National Laboratory $1.4 billion Spallation Neutron Source

Dolphin-inspired radar for finding bombs, bugs and catastrophe victims

Prof Tim Leighton highlights need to tackle superbugs in invited addresses to the first RCUK Research Innovation and Grow conference

Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

Seabed creatures (and their beneficial effects on the environment) can be affected by man-made sound

List (with downloadable titles) of Prof Leighton’s TV and radio appearances

Career history

Having obtained a Magdalene College Scholarship to study for his first degree, he graduated in 1985 from the University of Cambridge with a Double First Class Degree in Physics and Theoretical Physics, and the highest mark of the year for an experimental project. He obtained a PhD at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, in 1988. He was then awarded Senior and Advanced Research Fellowships at Magdalene College (Cambridge University) and the Engineering and Physics and Science Research Council (EPSRC), which included three periods of work at the Institut de Machines Hydrauliques et de Mecanique des Fluides (Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland).

Then, at the age of 28, he joined ISVR as Lecturer in Underwater Acoustics, and in the same year (1992) he completed the monograph The Acoustic Bubble (Academic Press), and at 35 he was awarded a Personal Chair. After serving a chair of Acoustics, he became Associate Deam with the responsibility for Research in the Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, and led the REF2014 submission which was ranked not only the most powerful in the UK in the category of General Engineering, but also the most powerful entry in the UK in any branch of engineering (click here for details). In 2015 stepped down from that position in order to found and lead NAMRIP and HEFUA. In 2016 he founded Global-NAMRIP, in order to combat infection and AntiMicrobial Resistance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. In 2018 a new UK manufacturing and R&D company, Sloan Water Technology Ltd., was founded, based on the sale to that company by the University of Southampton of the patents he had written' He is Inventor-in-Chief and a Director of the company, which has hired aspiring young researchers to develop devices for a range of markets. The company is also the main sponsor of Global-NAMRIP.

He is author of over 400 other publications (available here), and appears on radio and TV across the world (available here). A précis of the impact following from his research activity can be found here.

He has served on advisory groups including:

Founding Chairman, Global-NAMRIP
Chair, Sectional Committee 4 of the Royal Society
Founding Chairman, Health Effects of Ultrasound in Air (HEFUA)
Founding Chairman, Network on Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Prevention (NAMRIP)
Government of the United Kingdom's Working Group of the Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Sub Group
Scientific Expert Group of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection
Defence Scientific Advisory Council (DSAC), Ministry of Defence (MoD)
World Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology Safety Work Group
Ministry of Defence Brains Trust, under the MoD Science and Technology Rapid Assistance to Operations (STRATOS) programme
Maritime Mine Countermeasures Workgroup, DSAC, MoD
Scoping Group on Ultrasound and Infrasound Safety, Health Protection Agency
Work Group 22 of Accredited Standards Committee S1 of Acoustical Society of America.

Biographies

Kenward, M. (2017) A talent for bursting bubbles. Ingenia, 73, 38-42
Webb, J. (2016) Resistance fighter takes the battle to microbes, New Scientist 229(3066), 32-33 (doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(16)30523-1)

Professor Timothy Leighton FRS FREng FMedSci ScD
Engineering, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton. SO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Room Number: 13/2007

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