Semiconductor Devices and Sensors

Learning Outcomes

Subject Specific Practical Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• Characterise the pH and ion selectivity of ISFETs.
• Investigate the characteristics and performance of different semiconductor devices.
• Design, model and analyse a number of semiconductor device types.

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

• The principle of operation of potentiometric sensors, ISFETs and reference electrodes.
• How semiconductor properties limitations influence device operation.
• The basic operation of the most important semiconductor devices (e.g. p-n diode).
• How to design features that determine semiconductor device characteristics.
• The improvement of semiconductor device performances by fabrication process.

Subject Specific Intellectual and Research Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• Appreciate semiconductor device technology that revolutionise the electronic industry.
• Explain the principles of semiconductor sensors and give examples of their use in diagnostics.
• Demonstrate a detailed understanding of the many and diverse aspects that relate to the operation and exploitation of semiconductor devices.
• Differentiate the semiconductor devices for different electronic and photonic applications.

Transferable and Generic Skills

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

• Demonstrate the basic skills in semiconductor device engineering for integrated electronic or photonic circuit application.
• Understand the issues with semiconductor devices and the challenges for future electronic components.

Review of Semiconductor Device and Technology

P-N Junction to Device Technology

MOSFETs and CMOS

• Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor and Metal-Semiconductor Interface
• MOS and MOSFET characteristics: Capacitance, Output Current and Threshold
• Enhancement and Depletion mode operation
• MOSFET scaling issues
• CMOS technology
• Future of MOS and MOSFETs
• MOS related devices – Thin Film Transistor, Nanowire FETs
• Fabrication of MOSFETs

Introduction to Bipolar Junction Transistors

• Review of BJTs
• BJT characteristics
• n-p-n and p-n-p BJT operation
• Gain and frequency response
• BJT technologies
• HBTs

Optoelectronic Devices

• Optical p-n junction devices
• Radiative transition in semiconductor
• Light Emitting Diodes
• Spectral response and emission efficiency
• LASER
• Gain characteristics and laser modes
• Photodetectors
• Integrated photonic device applications

Semiconductor sensors

• Physical chemistry of the electrode-electrolyte interface
• pH sensing
• ISFETs (lectures and laboratory)
• Nanowires and nanoribbons
• The principles of potentiometric sensors
• Nernst equation
• Reference electrodes
• Applications in medicine

Resources & Reading list

Textbooks

S. O. Kasap. Optoelectronics and Photonics: Principles and Practices. Prentice Hall.

B. Streetman & S. Banerjee. Solid State Semiconductor Devices. Prentice Hall.

S. Grimes and O. G. Martinsen (2014). Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity. Academic Press.

S. M. Sze (2002). Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology. Wiley.

R. Pethig and S. Smith (2013). Introductory Bioelectronics. Wiley.

G. J. Parker (2004). Introductory Semiconductor Device Physics. Taylor and Francis.

Summative

Summative assessment description

Referral

Referral assessment description

Repeat

Repeat assessment description

Repeat Information

Repeat type: Internal & External